What is the central focus of “The Old Man and the Sea”?

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Ernest Hemingway's timeless novella, "The Old Man and the Sea," originally published in 1952, unfolds the tale of Santiago, an elderly Cuban fisherman facing an 84-day dry spell without a catch.

Ernest Hemingway's timeless novella, "The Old Man and the Sea" originally published in 1952, unfolds the tale of Santiago, an elderly Cuban fisherman facing an 84-day dry spell without a catch. Determined to overturn his streak of bad luck, Santiago embarks on a perilous journey far into the Gulf Stream aboard his modest skiff.

 

On the 85th day, Santiago hooks a colossal marlin, a legendary fish renowned for its size and strength. The narrative delves into the clash between man and fish, symbolizing Santiago's broader struggle against nature, self, and the relentless passage of time. Despite his hands being battered and cramped from the strain of the fishing line, Santiago's unyielding determination propels him forward in the face of adversity.

 

As Santiago grapples with the marlin, he reflects on his life and his relationship with the sea. Resilience, endurance, and the intricate connection between humans and nature are recurring themes in the novella. Santiago's bond with the marlin extends beyond the physical realm; it is a spiritual connection. Despite his attempts to conquer the fish, Santiago maintains a profound respect for its strength and endurance, introducing layers of complexity to their symbiotic relationship. The sea struggle serves as a metaphor for life's broader challenges.